Sources of Lead Exposure in West Africa

This commentary is an investigation of sources lead (Pb) exposure in West Africa. Pb generally acknowledged as one the most widespread environmental health hazards Africa, and there heightened concern over adverse effects at various levels (at doses once considered safe) African region. A literature review for possible implications on human showed nervous system dysfunction, anemia, potential cognitive diseases major issues among children, while adults were found to suffer more from cardiovascular neurological decline, reproductive diseases. Despite a decline blood (BLLs), continues be public no level can safe. Moreover, lowering BLLs entails identifying such gasoline emissions, leaded paint, canned foods, beverages, well plausible biological pathways response. However, only countries Nigeria Ghana have extensive research available regarding different exposure. Further, it not apparent which country affected by Therefore, this was aimed explore describe list 15 countries. The findings indicated water, food, occupational People with occupations e-waste acid battery recycling, auto mechanics, fuel attending, welding, electronic repairing, farming/spraying, mining immediate risk. Tobacco, spices paints constituted additional For residents living near landfills or urban area, soil, air, dust particles. revealed vast gap Exposure could further increase due uncontrolled traffic, growth, inadequate planning, enforcement regulations. changing trends populations needed.